The prehistoric village submerged nether Lake Kuolimojarvi provides us alongside a clearer pic of the human business inward South Karelia during the Mesolithic together with Early Neolithic Stone Age (about 10,000 - 6,000 years ago) together with it opens upwards a novel query path inward Finnish archaeology.
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| Eveliina Salo taking samples of the hearth construction [Credit: Jesse Jokinen/Museovirasto] |
With the rising inward H2O levels, areas that were on dry out province inward the early on Stone Age conduct maintain been buried inward the bottom of the lake together with its littoral deposits.
The aim of the three-year report carried out yesteryear the University of Helsinki has been to regain traces of early on Stone Age settlements nether H2O together with from wetlands at lakes Kuolimojarvi together with Saimaa.
"This way that at that spot is a huge gap inward our archaeological noesis of this special expanse because nosotros conduct maintain non nevertheless institute the earliest Stone Age sites," explains postdoctoral researcher Satu Koivisto who heads the project.
So far the oldest sites conduct maintain been settled afterward the breakthrough of River Vuoksi (from 6000 years agone together with onwards). However, at that spot has definitely been human domicile inward this expanse for thousands of years earlier that, equally is shown yesteryear the traces of settlements of to a greater extent than than 10,000 years former discovered at Kuurmanpohja inward Joutseno farther to the south.
Charcoal, burned rocks together with quartz flakes conduct maintain been institute at the site
In June 2018, archaeologists carried out underwater excavations together with equipment testing at Kammarlahti bay inward Savitaipale inward cooperation alongside Nordic Maritime Group (NMG) together with the underwater unit of measurement of the Finnish Heritage Agency. Archaeologists from Kingdom of Denmark together with Sweden also took purpose inward the work.
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| Satu Koivisto together with Jørgen Dencker examining bottom sediments [Credit: Eveliina Salo/Nordic Maritime Group] |
"The western side of the Kammarlahti bay is sheltered from current of air together with waves together with for this reason, the prehistoric dry out province areas are best preserved inward that part. In 1 of the examine pits, nosotros institute a distinct layer of burned soil, charcoal together with burned rocks. Quartz flakes were also institute inward the surrounding examine pits together with these remains demonstrate that quartz artefacts had been made at the site during the Stone Age," Koivisto explains.
The hearth characteristic together with associated regain materials betoken that a submerged Stone Age village site has similar a shot been located at Lake Kuolimojarvi - the showtime undisputed observation of this form inward Finland. The nearest similar sites are located inward northwestern Russian Federation together with southern parts of Scandinavia. It is clear that the hearth feature, which today lies at a depth of nigh 1 metre, together with the other finds are from the menses earlier the rising of the H2O grade (about 9,000 to 8,000 years ago). The archaeologists managed to conduct maintain a soil sample of the burned layer around the hearth together with are similar a shot trying to regain datable cloth from it.
"With the earthworks equipment tested inward the underwater query at Kammarlahti, nosotros may also last able to regain other submerged sites at similar locations. For this reason, the regain opens upwards an exclusively novel era inward the query into the Finnish Stone Age. Many of our large lakes, such equally Vanajavesi, Pielinen together with Oulujarvi conduct maintain also gone through similar fluctuations inward H2O levels. This way that a huge together with largely untapped archaeological resources is hidden inward Finnish lakes. Moreover, extremely former organic materials may also conduct maintain been preserved inward these environments for thousands of years," Satu Koivisto says, describing Finland's underwater archaeological potential.
The earthworks sites were located inward a preliminary study
Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 thorough preliminary function prompted the archaeologists to conduct Kammarlahti for underwater excavations. The most promising areas for the preservation of submerged sites were located already inward a desk-based assessment together with a land survey was carried out inward them inward Lappeenranta, Savitaipale together with Taipalsaari inward 2015. More detailed investigations were carried out inward 2017 together with 2018 at Rajalamminsuo together with Kammarlahti at Lake Kuolimojarvi equally good equally at Sarviniemi together with Ahoselka; at Lake Saimaa. In the summertime of 2017, peatland excavations were conducted at Rajalamminsuo piece Kammarlahti was combed yesteryear divers.
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| Drone photograph over Kammarlahti. The raft anchored inward the query expanse [Credit: Jesse Jokinen/Museovirasto] |
The divings carried out at Kammarlahti revealed a pocket-size position out of former wooden structures together with signs of interesting areas that were selected for farther underwater excavations inward 2018. The three-year archaeological projection 'Lost Inland Landscapes' of the University of Helsinki volition last concluded at the terminate of the year. The funding for the projection comes from the University's three-year query grants together with it is headed yesteryear archeologist Satu Koivisto, who plant equally a postdoctoral researcher at the university.
This is inward many ways a multidisciplinary projection together with cutting-edge technology scientific discipline has also been used inward the planning of the land function together with inward the modelling of the previous stages of the lakes together with underwater topography. An international reference group, alongside members from Sweden, Germany, Denmark, Latvia, Russian Federation together with Finland, has been gear upwards for the project. The grouping brings together archaeologists together with geologists who are experts on similar environments together with archaeological sites inward the Baltic region. In this manner, the grouping promotes international cooperation inward an archaeological sector that is extremely challenging simply also of import inward price of research.
Source: University of Helsinki [August 07, 2018]
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