Scientists from Samara University too several universities inwards the USA induce got proposed too experimentally confirmed novel key chemic mechanisms for the synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The results of this move are presented inwards the article published inwards Nature Astronomy. The described processes instruct inwards possible to sympathise how complex molecules that are related to the source of life inwards the Universe are formed.
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| Credit: Leiden Observatory |
Their attending to this theme was attracted, amidst other things, past times the results of the NASA too the European Space Agency mission "Cassini-Huygens" to Saturn's largest moon, Titan. During the infinite mission of an automatic interplanetary station the benzene molecule was discovered inwards the atmosphere of Titan. This, inwards turn, led scientists to believe that the emergence too increase of the orange-brownish haze layers that environs this Moon is precisely the responsibleness of PAHs. However, the key chemic mechanisms leading to the chemic synthesis of PAHs inwards the atmosphere of Titan at rattling depression temperatures were non disclosed.
Within the framework of the megagrant "Development of Physically Grounded Combustion Models" nether the guidance of Professor of Florida International University Alexander Mebel, the scientists from Samara University searched for the mechanisms of PAH formation using modern high-precision quantum chemic calculation methods.
Based on these data, their colleagues from the University of Hawaii too Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory conducted laboratory experiments that confirmed that prototypes of PAH molecules (anthracene too phenanthrene) are synthesized inwards barrier-free reactions that accept house at depression temperatures typical of Titan atmosphere. Anthracene too phenanthrene, inwards turn, are the master copy "bricks" for larger PAH molecules, equally good equally precursors of to a greater extent than complex chemic compounds that were found inwards the orange-brownish organic haze layers surrounding the Moon of Saturn.
"Experimental detection too theoretical description of these uncomplicated chemic reactions modify the well-established notion that PAHs tin live on formed too are able to grow only at rattling high temperatures, for example, inwards flames of organic fuels nether terrestrial conditions, - concluded Alexander Mebel. - And this agency that our uncovering leads to the changing of existing scientific views on how PAHs tin live on formed too grow."
"Traditionally, models of PAH synthesis inwards hydrocarbon-rich atmospheres of the planets too their moons, such equally Titan, assumed the presence of high temperatures, - emphasizes Professor at the University of Hawaii Ralf Kaiser. We render evidence for a low-temperature reaction pathway".
Understanding the machinery of PAH increase at depression temperatures volition permit scientists to sympathise how complex organic molecules that are related to the source of life tin live on formed inwards the Universe. "Molecules similar to modest PAHs, but containing nitrogen atoms, are key components of ribonucleic acids (RNA, DNA) too simply about amino acids, that is, components of proteins, - notes Alexander Mebel. - Therefore, the increase machinery of PAHs tin live on associated amongst chemic development inwards the Universe, leading to the source of life".
Moreover, the report of the atmosphere of Titan helps to sympathise the complex chemic processes occurring non only on the Earth, but likewise on other moons too planets. "Using novel data, scientists tin meliorate sympathise the source of life on the basis at the fourth dimension when nitrogen was to a greater extent than mutual inwards its atmosphere, equally it is forthwith on Titan", - said Musahid Ahmed, a scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
As for the application of the presented move it should live on mentioned that the agreement the machinery of PAH increase inwards flames volition permit the scientists of Samara University to offering engineers the mechanisms to trim down the release of these carcinogenic substances inwards the exhaust of diverse types of engines. And this is 1 of the primary goals of the megagrant implemented past times the University.
Source: Samara University [October 18, 2018]
Sumber http://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com
Within the framework of the megagrant "Development of Physically Grounded Combustion Models" nether the guidance of Professor of Florida International University Alexander Mebel, the scientists from Samara University searched for the mechanisms of PAH formation using modern high-precision quantum chemic calculation methods.
Based on these data, their colleagues from the University of Hawaii too Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory conducted laboratory experiments that confirmed that prototypes of PAH molecules (anthracene too phenanthrene) are synthesized inwards barrier-free reactions that accept house at depression temperatures typical of Titan atmosphere. Anthracene too phenanthrene, inwards turn, are the master copy "bricks" for larger PAH molecules, equally good equally precursors of to a greater extent than complex chemic compounds that were found inwards the orange-brownish organic haze layers surrounding the Moon of Saturn.
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| The described processes instruct inwards possible to sympathise how complex molecules that are related to the source of life inwards the Universe are formed [Credit: Samara University] |
"Traditionally, models of PAH synthesis inwards hydrocarbon-rich atmospheres of the planets too their moons, such equally Titan, assumed the presence of high temperatures, - emphasizes Professor at the University of Hawaii Ralf Kaiser. We render evidence for a low-temperature reaction pathway".
Understanding the machinery of PAH increase at depression temperatures volition permit scientists to sympathise how complex organic molecules that are related to the source of life tin live on formed inwards the Universe. "Molecules similar to modest PAHs, but containing nitrogen atoms, are key components of ribonucleic acids (RNA, DNA) too simply about amino acids, that is, components of proteins, - notes Alexander Mebel. - Therefore, the increase machinery of PAHs tin live on associated amongst chemic development inwards the Universe, leading to the source of life".
Moreover, the report of the atmosphere of Titan helps to sympathise the complex chemic processes occurring non only on the Earth, but likewise on other moons too planets. "Using novel data, scientists tin meliorate sympathise the source of life on the basis at the fourth dimension when nitrogen was to a greater extent than mutual inwards its atmosphere, equally it is forthwith on Titan", - said Musahid Ahmed, a scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
As for the application of the presented move it should live on mentioned that the agreement the machinery of PAH increase inwards flames volition permit the scientists of Samara University to offering engineers the mechanisms to trim down the release of these carcinogenic substances inwards the exhaust of diverse types of engines. And this is 1 of the primary goals of the megagrant implemented past times the University.
Source: Samara University [October 18, 2018]
Sumber http://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com
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