For You Lot Data - Planetary Nebula Lasers

Astronomical masers (the radio wavelength analogs of lasers) were outset identified inward infinite over l years agone together with accept since been seen inward many locations; astronomical lasers accept since been seen equally well. Some of the most spectacular masers are establish inward regions of active star formation; inward ane example the percentage radiates equally much liberate energy inward a unmarried spectral business equally does our Dominicus inward its entire visible spectrum. Typically the maser radiations comes from molecules similar H2O or OH that are excited yesteryear collisions together with the radiations environs around immature stars. In 1989, maser emission from atoms of atomic hydrogen gas was discovered around the star MWC349.

The Ant Nebula (Menzel 3) equally seen yesteryear Hubble. Astronomers accept detected hydrogen Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation emission from this object – the
 first fourth dimension lasers or masers accept been convincingly seen inward a planetary nebula [Credit: NASA/Hubble]

This remarkable source has since been establish to emit lines at infrared wavelengths curt plenty to qualify them equally beingness genuine lasers (not merely masers). The object has been carefully modeled together with the detailed weather producing the lasers together with masers accept been determined: the lines arise predominantly inward a dense disk of ionized gas seen nearly edge-on. Since the initial discovery, despite many searches, no other source has been establish that is equally complex together with dramatic inward its emission equally is MWC349, although several other cases of weak hydrogen masers accept been found.

CfA astronomer Rodolfo Montez was business office of a grouping of xv astronomers using the Herschel Space Observatory to report planetary nebulae. They unexpectedly discovered twelve far infrared hydrogen Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation lines inward ane of them, the nebula Menzel 3. Although weak compared to other atomic lines inward the nebula, the hydrogen lines are much stronger than inward whatsoever other known planetary nebula together with stronger than was expected. Their relative strengths lines present that they cannot endure coming from the normal ionized gas establish inward planetary nebulae, but rather from weather that propose high densities or or then odd effects. The business ratios are real similar to those inward MWC349, leading to the determination that they are lasers. Since Menzel iii (like MWC349) has a disk beingness viewed edge-on together with a bipolar outflow, the physical weather appear to back upwards this conclusion. The novel outcome adds ane to a greater extent than natural Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation to a curt cosmic list, but likewise adds a mystery: the radio (maser) lines inward hydrogen inward MWC349 together with other sources are real potent emitters, notwithstanding no masers accept been seen inward Menzel 3. There is clearly to a greater extent than to larn nigh around this object, together with nigh astrophysical lasers.

The report is published inward Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Source: Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics [June 22, 2018]


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