Karak Castle is the most famous Crusader-Islamic military machine site inward Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan as well as appears today equally a perfect summary of Crusaders’, Ayyubids’ as well as Mamluks’ architectural military machine genius, yet, the site has non received plenty scholarly attending as well as or then details are even then missing, an skilful said.
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| Credit: Berthold Werner/WikiCommons |
He explained that or then of the most famous figures of the 12th-14th centuries are connected to the fort: the dramatic as well as extravagant Crusader lord, Reynald of Châtillon, the Ayyubid Prince Al Nasir Dawud as well as Sultan of Egypt, Al Nasir Muhammad Ibn Qalawun during the Mamluk domination.
According to the expert, inward the twelfth century Crusaders re-imposed key potency over key as well as southern Jordan: from 1110 to 1115 AD as well as founded inward the procedure a serial of “great fortresses across the share that provided a powerful stimulus for Frankish expansion into Jordan”.
The Italian mission likewise examined iii other large castles erected inward the south, 1 inward Al Wu’ayra (outside Petra), the other inward Al Habis (inside Petra) as well as the Shobak/ Montreal Castle.
“The construction of Crusader Castle of Karak [‘Kharakh of Moab’, equally nosotros tin sack run across inward the famous Madaba mosaic map of the sixth century, or ‘Petra Deserti’] was started inward 1142 at the goal of the dominion of King Fulk V of Anjou past times Pagan the Butler, lord of Oultrejourdain, as well as gave Frankish potency to a greater extent than accomplish over southern Transjordan. From this signal on, the modern history of Karak [140km from Amman] begins,” he elaborated.
After the Crusaders’ defeat of Hattin inward 1187 at the hands of Saladin, all the crusader fortresses of Transjordan surrendered to the Muslim leader inward 1188–89, Fragai continued, adding that the capitulation of Karak to Saladin’s forces marks the offset of 7 centuries of Islamic history inward these lands.
“From 1188 to 1263 the metropolis was an Ayyubid princedom amongst dissimilar functions similar treasury, arsenal as well as prison, as well as was ruled past times a succession of sultans as well as princes; or then of them were responsible for novel constructions as well as improvements at the Karak Castle,” the archeologist stated.
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| Credit: Al Musaafira |
Furthermore, afterward the conquest of the sultanate past times Baybars I (1263-1277) Karak was incorporated into the governmental construction of the Mamluk empire amongst the other fortified sites of the region, he elaborated, maxim that the Mamluk dynasty was crucial for investment activities inward Karak as well as inward the residual of Jordan, peculiarly inward the acre of urban architecture, which included the palace of Sultan Al Nasir Muhammad.
“The palace, which I convey been investigating since 2016, is 1 of the best preserved Mamluk residential buildings inward the Near East, located inward the lower courtroom of the castle,” Fragai underlined, adding that this palace is most probable the Qalaat Al Nahhas, 1 of the palaces built past times Al Nasir Muhammad inward 1311 within the castle as well as mentioned inward 14th century historical sources.
“Unfortunately, today this edifice is non alone inaccessible, simply it is likewise inward danger of collapsing.” Therefore, the scholar said: “I recollect it is necessary to save it as well as larn inward useable to visitors as well as scholars who intend to visit.”
Fragai believes that he may convey identified a fragment of a previously undiscovered reception hall at the southern goal of the castle during his PhD research.
“This ‘new’ reception hall, built where straight off stands the Great Tower, could convey perhaps been the pump of a palace commissioned past times Sultan Al Adil or past times his son, Al Muazzam Isa as well as was called Dar Al Sultana,” he said, emphasising that correct straight off it is non yet clear how much of this ancient edifice is genuinely preserved inward the upstanding structures.
“The forthcoming query equally a fellow member of the Italian archaeological mission, which volition travel developed inward the side past times side few years, volition popular off on the archaeological written report of buildings within the castle. On this matter, nosotros produce non exclude the possibility of starting an archaeological earthworks project, inward lodge to clarify or then interpretative problems concerning the Ayyubid as well as Mamluk phases of these palatine complexes,” he concluded.
Author: Saeb Rawashdeh | Source: The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Times [September 21, 2018]
Sumber http://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com
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