For Y'all Data - Genome Of Ocean Lettuce That Spawns Massive 'Green Tides' Decoded

Sea lettuce, a fast-growing seaweed that spawns massive "green tides," is a prolific thief, according to enquiry that for the kickoff fourth dimension sequenced the genome of a greenish seaweed.

Ulva growing inward the intertidal zone [Credit: Helena Abreu/AlgaPlus]

An international squad including Rutgers scientists works life xiii cases where the bounding main lettuce Ulva mutabilis stole genes from bacteria. Remarkably, this ubiquitous seaweed expanded to a greater extent than than one-half of the pilfered genes - creating so-called "gene families" - too used approximately of them to adjust to stresses such equally excessive light, high salinity too dehydration to move a dominant intertidal seaweed, according to written report co-author Debashish Bhattacharya, distinguished professor at Rutgers University-New Brunswick. Ulva too lives amongst bacteria too relies on them to gain its multicellular form. Both stolen genes too intact bacteria that alive inward symbiosis amongst Ulva play fundamental roles inward the seaweed's success.

Ulva's rapid increase is non all negative. Indeed, it tin live on exploited to arrive at biofuels, generate poly peptide for beast feed, withdraw excessive nutrients inward aquaculture too serve equally a seaweed crop, according to a written report published online inward Current Biology.

"Ulva provides insights into how evolution acts on genomes to modify the biological scientific discipline of organisms," said Bhattacharya, who works inward the Department of Biochemistry too Microbiology inward the School of Environmental too Biological Sciences. "Learning these rules volition live on crucial to agreement what traits define winners too losers nether climate change, allowing us to amend predict hereafter trends amid seaweed, algae too other life at the base of operations of the nutrient chain."

Julia Wald from Seaweed Harvest Kingdom of the Netherlands shows Ulva growing on lines
[Credit: Olivier De Clerck]

Fatima Foflonker, a post-doctoral researcher, too Bhattacharya were purpose of an international squad that analyzed Ulva's late determined genome sequence. They studied the bounding main lettuce to gain insights into the increase too reproduction of multicellular greenish algae. Seaweeds evolved independently from nation plants, too the enquiry works life that the mechanisms underlying their increase too evolution are distinct.

Ulva species are widely works life along tropical too temperate coasts, too several species penetrate freshwater streams too lakes. In high-nutrient conditions, spectacular blooms of Ulva (green tides) ofttimes encompass several hundred kilometers of coastal waters. Beached algae may accomplish 1 meg tons too smother entire coastlines. Although non toxic, greenish tides convey killed people when blooms decease too generate hydrogen sulfide.

The Ulva genome offers novel opportunities to empathise coastal too marine ecosystems too the evolution of greenish seaweeds. Comparison of Ulva species that flower too don't flower may boost agreement of the molecular mechanisms underpinning increase too reproduction inward reply to environmental conditions, the written report says.

Source: Rutgers University [October 03, 2018]

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